The Diocese of Vijayawada comprised the whole of Krishna and West Godavari districts and the Taluks of Amalapuram, Kothapeta, Razole and Mummidivaram in East Godavari district in Andhra Pradesh.

This territory was separated from Hyderabad and made a "Missio sui Juris" by a Brief of the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda Fide, dated January 10, 1933 and erected to a diocese on April 23, 1937.

The Diocese of Eluru was bifurcated from Vijayawada on February 26, 1977. The Diocese of Vijayawada now comprises only the civil district of Krishna.